The WEB Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective

The WEB Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective Contact information, map and directions, contact form, opening hours, services, ratings, photos, videos and announcements from The WEB Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective, Political organisation, 1900 N 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA.

03/15/2021

Weekly recap from 03/13/21 meeting

Hello all,

For this past reading meeting we started Du Bois's Coming of the Lord chapter in Black Reconstruction, where he discusses "how the Negro became free because the North could not win the war if he remained in slavery. And how arms in his hands, and the prospect of arms in a million more black hands, brought peace and emancipation to America''.

We discussed the relationship of blacks to the army, the contradiction of peace and the hypocrisy of the North and racism of the South. We discussed the "international situation" of England and France and the economic, psychological and political effect of Lincoln freeing the slaves.

Thus there were these variety of forces dealing with the freedom of slaves because the country is developing economically and politically in the world, which is a question of trade and capital and, as a country internally, which is dealing with the political and economic disposition of people and their relation to slavery and work: "The failure or success of the war hung by a thread. If England and France should recognize the Confederacy, there was little doubt that the Union cause would be beaten; and they were disposed to recognize it. Or did Lincoln realize that since a draft law was needed to make unwilling Northern soldiers fight, black soldiers were the last refuge of the Union?"

Further, Lincoln noted that the emancipation of slaves would "….weaken the Rebels by drawing off their labours".

With this developing in the historic moment of the late 19th century where the slaves were free, and thus these forces of people continued to develop from that point that would be the freedom struggle of the 20th century, Du Bois writes; "Emancipation had thus two ulterior objects. It was designed to make the replacement of unwilling Northern white soldiers with black soldiers; and it sought to put behind the war a new push toward Northern victory by the mighty impact of a great moral ideal both in the North and in Europe".

What does it mean to free the slaves? For the labouring class of Europe they "hailed the actions of Lincoln'' alongside having hundreds of meetings in the industrial sections of Europe. Even philosopher John Stuart Mill declared that: "Higher political and social freedom has been established in the United States". Du Bois continues and writes; "Karl Marx testified that this meeting held in 1863 kept Lord Palmerston from declaring war against the United States".

In the South, the freedom of slaves meant adequate numbers to fight though against the North, as well as supplying their armies with food and goods. Though the blacks fighting in the front lines weren't considered legitimate, even guffawed at in the House of Representatives they had to be used because the South was not receiving white fighters from the government or by the ambitions of the white working class themselves. For the North, the freedom of slaves meant the era of progress was upon the cities and capital.

Though we didn't finish the chapter in the meeting, we did get ahead of ourselves and discussed the striving of man, as well as what it means to become a man from being a slave. We read through the responses of emancipation of the free blacks, embodied by Frederick Douglass; "Abolish slavery tomorrow and not a sentance or syllable of the Constitution need be altered. It was purposefully so framed as to give no claim no sanction to the claim of property in man… the opportunity is given us to be men. With one courageous resolution we may blot out the handwriting of ages against us.. there is no power on the earth or under the earth which can deny that the black man has earned the right of citizenship in the United States."

Talk soon!
Serafina
Web Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective

03/15/2021

Weekly meeting recap from 03/06/2021,

Hello everyone and I hope the week is looking forward to the slow and eventual lifting of the COVID restrictions and spring weather!

In our previous meeting we finished Du Bois's 'General Strike' chapter and discussed the importance of history to define oneself, the historical moment one finds oneself in; we also talked about the conditions that the poor and working class, like the newly freed slaves, need in order to build buying power and self determination.

We discussed how the North changed face about the slave in order to preserve and develop capital and from that understanding read about how the freedom of slaves had points of interest in different parts of the American (and european) population, rather than just the freedom of humanity, but for the development of trade, capital, and expansion.

"The position of the Negro was strategic. His was the only appeal which would bring sympathy from Europe, despite strong economic bonds with the South and prevent recognition of a Southern nation built on slavery. The free Negroes in the North together with the abolitionists were clamoring. To them a war against the about simply had to be a war against slavery. Gradually abolitionists no longer need to fear the mob.. the Negro become in the first year contraband of war, .. without their labor the South would starve". Du Bois continues, "when the dream of the North for man power produced riots, the only additional troops that the North could depend on were 200,000 Negroes, for without them, as Lincoln said the North could not have won the war"

We discussed the purpose of the Civil War wherein Du Bois writes about;

“How the black worker on the war by a general strike which transferred his labor from the Confederate planter to the Northern invader in whose army lines workers began to be organized as a new labor force"

We also discussed the situation of the poor white. As they were dropping out of the lines and replaced by former slaves, there is a philosophical question that attempts to find the purpose the poor white would have in the Civil War;

"... there was little active opposition by the poorer whites; but the conscription and other burdens to support a slaveowners war became very severe; the whites not interested in that cause became recalcitrant and disunion than anything else that brought about the final overthrow".

And why is this?

"As slavery hardened the racial basis was emphasized; but it was not until war time that it became the fashion to pat the disenfranchised poor on the back and tell him after all he was elite and that he and the planters had a common object in keeping the white man superior. This virus increased bitterness and relentless hatred and after the war it became a chief ingredient in the division of the working class in the Southern States".

Further, "... big slaveholders were escaping military service, that it was a "rich man's war and the poor man's fight." This could be why the North or south could not pull adequate numbers of white people to fight, and thus Emancipation was a “military measure”.

We are excited to read the upcoming chapter, "The Coming of The Lord"!

Thanks,
Serafina
W.E.B Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective

03/15/2021

Weekly recap from meeting 02/20/21

Hello all,

For the previous meeting at the WEB Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective we read through and finished The Planter chapter with a lot to discuss and digest. Our discussion included takeaways that are the following: The way Du Bois talks about the psychology of the Southerner is similar to Baldwin, and the spiritual reality of them as people expands one's understanding of history, and I am to personally add, gives the dynamism of history as it is a developing and non-static force.

We talked off the Northern industrialists, having a sense of superiority to the South in the ability to control their environment wherein capital is made. We talked of the white poor confiding in, and relying upon the lie of whiteness that is backed up, perpetuated, and initiated by thought like science, law, psychology and philosophy, and how this phenomena of a lie is similar to todays' reactionary pseudo and imperialist-backed revolutionaries, and their books, like: How to Be An Anti Racist, and Isabel Wilkerson's book Caste: The Origins of our Discontent. The implementation of these reactionary books and their ideas is to split up the working class, and situate black liberals and middle class whites against the creation of jobs and for endless war. Thus, making these ruling class manufactured “number one best sellers” books, which Doc has let us at the Freeschool know, become best sellers a few days after being released! Thus without anyone truly reading the book, like the industrialist of the North, the moral basis is dictated to elements of potential goodwill like white liberals and middle class blacks, and, like they couldn’t see the degradation of slavery in the south, they can not see the unity of the oppressed people’s of America for Democracy. We talked about how slavery in the south and the free labor in the North contributed to Westward expansion, which also means the killing of the Native Americans, and as Du Bois writes;

"The South determined upon succession with the distinct idea of eventually expanding into the Caribbean"

We also talked about the conditions of the poor, and the conditions of black people. We talked of the poverty that produces a poor person, what their struggles are, and similarly, what created their poverty and misery. As Du Bois explained the motives of the Planter, the Planters anger at the North for making money off of Southern agriculture, and how;

"..he was angry and used all of his great political power to circumvent it. His only effective economic movement however could take place against the slave. He was forced unless willing to lower profits continually to beat down the cost of his slave labour"

And why cling to slavery, and to the lie of white supremacy? Du Bois continued that the planters "political power was based on slavery. With four million slaves he could balance the votes of 2,400,000 Northern voters while in the inconceivable event of their becoming free, their voters would outnumber those of his Northern opponents which was precisely what happened in 1868".

So what happens to the Planter when the South would fail to establish an "economic dictatorship and place themselves in a key position .. through a national economy"? Or, if "their whole labor class, black and white went into an economic revolt" leaving the "Northern industry,.. after the war, make the adjustment with labor which Southern agriculture refused to make" and as explained by Du Bois was the northern yield to "democracy, but only because democracy was curbed by a dictatorship of property and investment which left in the hands of the leaders of industry such economic power as insured their mastery and their profits". It was the development of capital that the Northern, possibly despite race, which ultimately then was "the loss which agriculture sustained through the stubbornness of the planters led to the degradation of agriculture throughout the modern world". Or, as Henry Winston would also continue in his Strategy for a Black Agenda in 1973, "The Civil War resulted in the change of power from the slave owners to the rising capitalist class. Today the monopoly capitalist class controls the total economy of the United States''

Talk soon,
Serafina Harris
Web Du Bois and James Baldwin reading collective

02/16/2021

Weekly meeting 02/13/2021,

In our most recent meeting, the WEB Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective finished Du Bois's "White Worker'' chapter and started on "The Planter". For the White Worker, Du Bois invokes "how America became the laborers Promised Land; and flocking here from all the world the white workers competed with black slaves, with new floods of foreigners and with growing exploitation, until they fought slavery to save democracy and then lost democracy in a new and vaster slavery", where we learned "how slave labor in conjunction and competition with free labor tended to reduce all labor towards slavery" about the adherence to white privilege due developing factors exhibiting slave labor to compete with white ie, "Negroes worked cheaply, .. were apart of a group of millions.. who were slaves by law.." additionally they "wanted a chance to become capitalists" and race rioting occurred in the 1830s "fighting for bread and butter". In this chapter, Du Bois included the question of the unity of labor and the fight against oppression, wherein

"There where two labor movements: the movement to give the black worker a minimum legal status which would enable him to sell his own labor and another movement which proposed to increase the wage and better the condition of the working class in America, now largely composed of foreign immigrants and dispute with the new American capitalism the basis upon which the new wealth was to be divided. Broad philanthropy and wide knowledge of the elements of human progress have led these two movements to unite and in their union to become irresistible. It was difficult, almost impossible for this to be clear to the white labor leaders of the thirties. They had their particularistic grievances and one of these was the competition of free Negro labor. Beyond this they could easily vision a new and tremendous competition of black workers after all the slaves became free. What they did not see nor understand was that this competition was present and would continue and would be emphasized if the Negro continued as a slave worker. On the other hand, the Abolitionists did not realize the plight of the white worker, especially the semi skilled and unskilled worker."

We learned of the influence of England and Karl Marx, the immigration process in a complete sense, and the development of trades. We learned of the poor whites in the mountains and the lowlands and the question of labor of the South and the West and in turn the Civil War.

"Was a war to determine how far industry in the United States should be carried on under a system where the capitalist owns not only the nations raw material, not only the land, but also the laborer himself; or whether the laborer was going to maintain his personal freedom, and enforce it by growing political and economic independence based on widespread ownership of land" and thus how "the upward moving of white labor was betrayed into wars for profit based on color caste."

Talk soon,
Serafina
The Web Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective

02/16/2021

Weekly recap from meeting 02/06/2021,

Hello everyone, and we hope people have had a good weekend and have been able to stay warm from the cold.

Internally our group has begun WEB Du Bois's Black Reconstruction, where Du Bois sets the facts straight about the history of the Reconstruction period and Civil War period, based upon the immediate principles of truth instead of fantasy. Thus despite the person who reads his book with prejudice and assumes that black people "can never successfully take part in modern civilization and whose emancipation and enfranchisement were gestures against nature," Du Bois continues to write this economic and philosophical treatise and states that then the racist "will need something more than the sort if facts that I have set down. But this latter person, I am not trying to convince. I am simply pointing out these two points of view so obvious to Americans, … I am going to tell this story as though Negroes were ordinary human beings, realizing that this attitude will from the first seriously curtail my audience".

And with Du Bois's clear moral stance that he takes that is stronger than public opinion, we reading this book, learn about the forces that develop the class and psychological contradictions and between humanity building American soil before the rise of capital and the fall of slavery.

We learn that slaves had political enfranchisement to vote in different lengths time, per class, gender and race and, per state, prior to the American Revolution; we learn that the population in the country had more poor whites than slaves and by 1935 only 25% of Black Americans and are of unmixed African descent. We learn about the development of the cotton crop, how water and steam were harness with black workers at the bottom who "could not be spared if this nee economic organization was to expand, but rather they became the cause of new political demands and alignments, of new dreams of power and visions of empire" ; and how Du Bois lays out the drama and developing complexity of American capitalism and democracy:

"There were the native born Americans, largely of English descent, who were the property holders and employers; and even so far as they were poor they looked forward to the time when they would accumulate capital and become as they put it economically "independent. Then there were the new immigrants torn with a certain violence from their older social and economic surrounding; strangers in a new land with visions of rising in the social and economic world in means of labor. they differed in language and social status, varying from the half- starved Irish peasant to the educated German and English artisan. There were the free Negroes: those of the North free in some cases for many generations and voters; and in other cases, fugitives, new from the South with little skills and small knowledge of life and labour in their new environment. There were the free Negroes of the South, an unstable harried class, living on sufferance of the law and the good will of white patrons and yet rising to be workers and sometimes owners of property and even slaves and cultured citizens. There was the great mass of poor whites disinherited of their economic portion by competition with the slave system and land monopoly."

We learn about the question of the Westward movement, labor, then abolition and the Free Soil Movement (and its inability to join forces due to the racism of abolitionists who created a false equivalency with white labor and slavery) and the "true significance of slavery in the United States to the whole social development of America lay in the ultimate relation of slaves to democracy"

As we see the drama of the late 20th century turn and unfold by the wisdom of WEB Du Bois, we shook our heads towards the American decadency that is inherent in the philosophy of striving to become "economic independent"; the poor white seduced into the vain privilege that denies the humanity of both the black and white person in America, and we talked of how can America turn to, as we read in the morning with FreeSchool in Du Bois's unpublished manuscript Russia and America, a civilizational state like China or Russia, and as Du Bois writes of China with "babies, babies everywhere!"

Sincerely,
Serafina Harris
The WEB Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective

02/16/2021

Weekly recap from meeting 01/30/2020

Hello everyone,

I hope everyone has had a good weekend. We have completed WEB Du Bois's World and Africa, in light of the morning Freeschool's reading of Du Bois's unpublished manuscript 'Russia and America' (which, as mentioned via the livestream, inserts the essential missing puzzle piece of history. This is the same phenomena we found while reading Du Bous's World and Africa).

In our discussion, we recalled the visceral connection and understanding with the 'Man Of Sorrows', a cocoa farmer, who represented the West African farmers fighting for their liberation from colonialist investment by England and Britain. We also have an understanding of a worldview and philosophical viewpoint when taking Du Bois's work seriously, for, it is as if Du Bois asks one to look into contradictions and be able to think through them a broad foundation of history and civilization. The perspective is one in the world, and ultimately connected to it, and reason and logic come out of a series of developments from struggle, rather than thin air.

Thusly, we better understand what Du Bois means when he mentions Andromeda as an allegory for Afro-Asian Unity, because unity is essential to the progress of humanity rather than the demoralization that occurred in the west enough to say:

“We Americans have invented an apt phrase to enrich the English language - “So what!” It expresses a singular complex: a great statesman comes from Britain and tells us that he wants a world of free states and democracy - and amidst in the same breath that his Britain admits nine-tenths of the subjects to neither freedom nor democracy - and admits in the same breath that his Britain admits nine-tenths of the subjects to neither freedom nor democracy. So what? We see standing before the United Nations at San Francisco a prime minister elected by two million whites asking for recognition of “humanity” - and in the same voice tells the world that anyone who regards the eight million natives of South Africa as human in the same sense as white folk “mad, quite mad”. We have a Secretary of State who arraigns Russia for lack of democracy while he represents South Carolina, where the majority of the people never had a chance to vote. So What? “
And how does this demoralization come to be? This is the crisis of imperialism and the Western world, for Du Bois asks “For whom is all this work done? How are the goods and services divided among consumers? Here we realize that all the facts are not known in America, just as they are partially unknown in other parts of the world. The distribution of wealth and of human services is a more or less closely guarded secret.”
And then he answers his own question by stating that; “The sin of capitalism is secrecy; the deliberate concealing of the character, methods and result of efforts to satisfy human wants.”

Thus when Du Bois poses the question of the survival for future of civilization, he answers that "Peace and tolerance is the only path to eternal progress. Europe can never survive without Asia and Africa as free and interrelated civilizations in one world" because;
“America has need to remember that out of Asia and Africa, past and present, help can come or this land: Asia has produced a Gandhi who does not strut or wear Savile Row clothes; who will not kill - and whom average Americans regard as a fool. But he is not. Africa has provided in the past group ownership of land, family cohesion, and a curious combination of beautiful art and useful industry. We have helped the world to despoil this land, enslave its people, decry its ability and distort its history. For three centuries we have led in the attempt to degrade Africa in the eyes of men. We owe it to Africa and ourselves to release Andromeda and place her free and beautiful among the stars of the sky.

We will be starting WEB Du Bois's Black Reconstruction with the first chapter entitled "The Black Worker"!

Sincerely,
Serafina Harris
The WEB Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective

Weekly recap from meeting 01/16Hello all, From our most recent meeting, we finished the World and Africa's "Black Sudan"...
01/19/2021

Weekly recap from meeting 01/16

Hello all,

From our most recent meeting, we finished the World and Africa's "Black Sudan" chapter where we saw how another civilization dealt with wealth, its people, and how it interacted both within Africa and through the times, with Asia and its influence on Europe.

We learn about how religion was a force that developed externally to some extent from places like Ghana until Du Bois notes the earliest Mohammedans connected in 300AD, to the imperialism of the Romans for

“This thousand years of history might have been different if the Christian Church had retained its hold upon Asia and Africa instead of expelling these countries and turning to the Nordic barbarians. In Northern Africa, the Nile valley and Ethiopia, in Syria and the Middle East the Catholic Church had a wide range of power during the early Middle Ages. Through the greed of the Eastern Roman Empire, and because of endless controversy and disputes like that of Arianism all these churches were lost to the Roman hierarchy. Thus when Islam came to the valley of the Nile it came to defense Egyptian Christians and was welcomed by them, instead of meeting opposition from the organized Christian Church. When, on the other hand, Christianity met black folk in the African slave and red men in America, it regarded them as lost heathens to be exterminated or enslaved. Thus the Church upheld the slave trade and its consequences."

We learned of the "black universities" that "sent black scholars to learn and lecture to the Mediterranean world" which revitalized Europe, and in the 13th century looked at the Black world with "romantic respect" as Du Bois points out, in the epic Parsifal by Wolfram von Eschenbach, Shakespeare, of Constantine the African and noted Italian painters.

We learned of the developments of the Songhay state, the Haussa (wherein lie Kano and Katsina), Bornu that lied in the west of the Sudan and Kanem in the east (and then the rise of the Darfur and Korodofan in the 16th century), the peoples of the area by Lake Chad, the sultanate of Bagirmi. Du Bois writes that for the last mentioned place, it would be conquered first by Rabah and then by the French in 1900, and Korodofan allied with Napoleon in a campaign towards Egypt.

For the question of Abyssinia, Du Bois wrote that

"The British Empire in Africa was now threatened by two black men, one in Abyssinia and one in the Sudan, and when Menelik and the French made alliance the English army started immediately, captured Khartoum in 1898, killing twenty-seven thousand natives and defeated the successor of the Mahdi"

As Du Bois writes of the historical process in the Black Sudan, and makes it clear that
"Civilization in the Sudan died of strangulation by slavery and the European determination to master the world, no matter what the cost in degradation and pain", we discuss the way Du Bois writes of history.

We find that there are moments of chance in time where it could be asked
"What influence Africans might have had on the world if the Songhay state had been able to fulfill its promise…"

These questions are important for us to note because it shows that the choices a people make affect the long game as it were, and thus have agency in determining what is best, right, based off the clarity and conditions of any historic moment. Thus when Du Bois continues writes that

"...If the culture of Ethiopia had not been imprisoned by the desertion of European Christianity, it might have expanded under another Taharqa and rescued the Songhay culture. On the contrary, it was nullified by the decline of the Mamelukes after the brilliant age of Saladin''; it could be argued that vision is 2020 in hindsight, yet it can be rebooted by the fact that ensuring a positive future would be lost without the struggle for ideological clarity and a deeper sense of responsibility, for the choice itself is considered in the terms of the logical movement of peoples, and not just of the individual.

Sincerely,
Serafina Harris
The WEB Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective

Weekly recap 01-02-2020Dear all,I hope everyone has been more optimistic as the year now turns into 2021; there has been...
01/07/2021

Weekly recap 01-02-2020

Dear all,

I hope everyone has been more optimistic as the year now turns into 2021; there has been a lot of talk about how 2020 was the worst and it is as though we all are holding our breath and watching our movements (seen via ironic memes and exasperated Facebook posts) to see what 2021 will bring.

Yet, the ideological struggle continues, and it is this constant that keeps those in the Dr. W.E.B. Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective and, Freeschool more broadly, grounded and collected -- because of a vision for the future because of a worldview that stretches beyond the immediate and present that in turn, deals with the crisis of Western Civilization. The cause to be on the right side of history -- on the side of humanity is what calms the anxieties while living in Western Civilization because we strive to uncover where we are to go from this point of crisis. What is this worldview? Where does it stem?

As we are learning from Dr. Du Bois's World and Africa we reflected a bit upon Freeschool that morning, where we are reading his 1950 unpublished manuscript Russia and America. In our discussion of this manuscript, we speak of the notion of history, wherein with Dr. Du Bois, history itself frames the reader's worldview by the synthesis of philosophy, art, and science, and its consistent dialectic of civilization and class analysis to know the truth about the world. This fact of Dr. Du Bois' accomplishment is why those in Freeschool are grounded in the world; the untold pieces of Africa and Asia are told for the truth to rise and thus the people to know what has happened in times past to know what is to be done for times to come. While reading the World and Africa, the WEB Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective felt akin to these ideas.

In the Chapter, Asia in Africa, wherein Dr. Du Bois writes of the "story of the outpouring of Asia into Africa from AD 500 to 1500 and the effect which the interaction of these two continents had on the world", Dr.Du Bois, from the jump starts with

"The connection between Asia and Africa has always been close. There was probably actual land connection in prehistoric times and the black race appears in both continents in the earliest records, making it doubtful which continent is the point of origin. Certainly, the Negroid people of Asia have played a leading part in her history. The blacks of Melanesia have scoured the seas and Charles Tauber makes them inventors of one of the world's first written languages: thus "this greatest of all human inventions was made by aborigines whose descendants today rank among the lowest, the proto-Australians".

Dr. Du Bois notes of the history of India, the black dwarfs, pre-Dravidians and soon mix of Mongoloid and Caucasoid stocks known as the Dravidians Negroes who "laid the bases of Indian culture thousands of years before the Christian era" and thus "On these descended through Afghanistan an Asiatic or Eastern European element usually called A***n". Continuing, Dr. Du Bois also writes of the "..thirty apostles who took Buddhism to China, ten are represented as yellow, ten brown and ten black. The Indian blacks, mingling with the straight-haired yellow Mongoloids tended to have straighter hair along with their dark color than Africans although this was not true in the case of the island Negroes."

In the Chapter, we also found most interesting that Japan "are a mixture of several distinct stocks - Negrito, Mongolian… breadth of face, intraorbital width, flat nose, prognathism, and brachycephaly might be traced to Negro stock"; and people south of the Lin-yi Kuo Chuan empress of China, were of "wooly hair and black skin"; the mix of Mongoloids who invaded North Africa mixed with Negroids that formed the Libyans; and two of the greatest colored figures in this history of Islam are Bilal-a-Habesh, a liberated slave, and Tarkik-bin-Zaid, a slave and great general that was in the Moorish Army that conquered Spain. We also were informed of the Mamelukes, white slaves "bought by the thousands in the Balkans, Greece, Turkey, and the Near east" used as soldiers and conquests of Islam and the Nile valley, and ruled Egypt for 6 centuries. Dr. Du Bois rightfully clarified the difference between this slavery and the 20th-century transatlantic slave trade.

And we have much more of the chapter to read!

In our discussion, we begin to feel small in the world, and a positive sense that comes from knowing the larger picture of the world (though trying to work through the dense details) and its various civilizations.

Thus, in knowing the broader movement of humanity, we are learning to see ourselves in the world. We find a higher truth: that through studying W.E.B. Du Bois, we discover our own humanity.

Sincerely,
Serafina harris
The W.E.B. Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective

Address

1900 N 13th Street
Philadelphia, PA
19122

Website

Alerts

Be the first to know and let us send you an email when The WEB Du Bois and James Baldwin Reading Collective posts news and promotions. Your email address will not be used for any other purpose, and you can unsubscribe at any time.

Shortcuts

Share

Category