09/15/2026
U.S. Semiquincentennial
Freedomland U.S.A. / 250
Preserve Our History! Learn Our History!
Kip’s Bay And Murray Hill: On Sunday, September 15, 1776, the British began the invasion of Manhattan by landing 4,000 British and German troops in 84 flatboats at Kips Bay near modern East 34th Street. The British quickly moved inland and occupied Murray Hill, where the generals stopped for "refreshment" at the Murray Mansion and farm at what is now East 37th Street and Park Avenue.
On the south side of the present street, at the center island, a granite stone and plaque mark the site of the Murray Mansion. The three-hour delay initiated by the patriotic Widow Murray and her attractive daughters saved a large portion of the Continental Army that was withdrawing from the city via the Bloomingdale Road (modern Broadway) on the west side of Manhattan.
British ships in the Hudson River created a diversion on the opposite side of Manhattan, unleashing a thunderous barrage on 450 green Connecticut militia deployed in a shallow trench. The troops broke under the onslaught and panic spread to nearby units.
General George Washington, four miles north in Harlem, quickly rode to the scene. He and General Israel Putnam unsuccessfully attempted to halt the stampede and rally the men behind stone walls. Washington angrily shouted at them and even struck some with the flat of his sword but could not stop the undisciplined retreat.
With Hessian troops only 80 yards away, Washington's aides led him to safety while Putnam frantically rode to save his command. Abandoning more than 50 cannons and other supplies, Putnam's men began a hurried retreat toward Harlem Heights during oppressive heat.