09/16/2026
WWII Across America's National Parks: Honouliuli National Historic Site
Following the institution of martial law in the Hawaiian Islands, hundreds of civilians in Hawaii were arrested and placed into Sand Island Relocation Center, a temporary holding camp on the coast. Because much of warfare was ocean-based at the time, the camp violated the Geneva Convention which states that foreign enemies cannot be held in a potential warzone. As a result, Honouliuli Internment Camp was built in a deep gulch located at the base of the Waianae mountains. It opened its gates on March 1, 1943.
Nicknamed jigokudani, or “Hell Valley”, by the Japanese Americans, Honouliuli Internment Camp was the largest and longest-operated incarceration site in the Hawaiian Islands. At its peak, it held 4,000 prisoners of war (POW) from Korea, Okinawa, Italy, Japan and the Philippines and 400 American civilians, mostly of Japanese descent, many of whom were first-generation Japanese citizens along with a handful of European Americans.
Honouliuli’s stories of injustice are not only characterized by the rights of civilians stripped due to racial prejudice, but also by the injustice experienced by the Korean and Okinawan POWs. These men lived through the Japanese invasion of their home country, were forced to fight for the Imperial Army, and then captured by American forces – all unthinkable hardships at no fault of their own. It’s imperative that all stories born of Honouliuli Internment Camp are remembered and shared.
These experiences in Hawaiian incarceration sites, while rooted in the same prejudice, varied immensely from their counterparts on the continent. Over 125,000 Japanese Americans along the west coast were forcibly removed and placed into camps, one of which was Minidoka National Historic Site.
All photos courtesy of Hawaii's Plantation Village