06/20/2026
The bald eagle owes its elevation to a national symbol to two Pennsylvanians.
In May 1782, Pennsylvania native William Barton (1754-1817) was appointed to the third of three committees that had been authorized by the Continental Congress to devise a design for the official national seal. Two previous committees had failed to come up with an acceptable design. Enter Barton, who in addition to being a lawyer was also an expert in heraldry. That, combined with artistic talent, inspired him to produce a design that finally received approval. At the center of Barton's rendering was an eagle with wings "displayed.' It took another Pennsylvanian, Charles Thomson (1729-1824), secretary of the Continental Congress, to suggest that Barton's golden eagle, common to the heraldry of many European countries, be replaced with the American bald eagle.
After Congress adopted this design on June 20, 1782, the bald eagle quickly began to appear on official documents, currency, flags, public buildings and other government-related items. But it found its way on folk and commercial objects as well.
This large, polychrome, wood-carved bald eagle is depicted perched on a rock with what some believe to be a green lobster between its talons. Its textured wings span an impressive 7 feet. This eagle was documented to have stood at the entrance to the Eagle Hotel in Waterford, Erie County, in the early 1800s.
View this artifact on Floor 1 in "Revolutionary Things: Objects from the Collection."
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