08/20/2026
On this day in history, August 20, 1858, Artelia Roney Duke dies from typhoid fever.
Artelia Roney was born to John and Mary Trollinger Roney of Haw River, NC on June 28, 1829. Artelia was the fourth of nine documented siblings and would have been 23 years old when she married Washington Duke on December 9, 1852.
The story we tell here is that Artelia met Washington at a Methodist revival and they fell in love from there. Artelia gave birth to her first child, Mary Elizabeth Duke on November 17, 1853, likely at her parents' house in Haw River. Her son Benjamin Newton Duke was born April 27, 1855 and that same year, Washington purchased an eleven-year-old enslaved girl named Caroline. Artelia gave birth to her final child, James Buchanan "Buck" Duke on December 23, 1856.
In 1858, Washington's eldest son from his first marriage to Mary Caroline Clinton, Sidney Taylor Duke, got sick with typhoid fever. Artelia took to nursing her stepson, and to keep the rest of the family from getting sick, cordoned herself and Sidney off away from the rest of the household, potentially at her parents' home in Haw River. Despite her efforts, Sidney would pass away from typhoid fever on August 10, 1858. Artelia, who caught typhoid fever while nursing Sidney, would pass away ten days later. Artelia was only 29 years old when she died.
Artelia's death would have certainly shaken the Duke family. Washington never remarried despite being only 38 when Artelia passed. Artelia's children, who would have been very young when she passed, mourned their mother throughout their lives. The only image of Artelia was a portrait painted posthumously which was commissioned by her children. Brodie no doubt mourned losing yet another mother figure, and any work Artelia did around the house would have been added to Caroline's workload. Artelia's unmarried sisters would come in and out of the homestead to assist with the children, and Anne Roney would later become housekeeper at the Duke's Fairview estate.
Pictured here: Detail of the posthumous portrait of Artelia Roney and a photo of her headstone.
To read more about what Artelia's life and her role as mother might have been like: https://chbmuseum.medium.com/artelia-roney-duke-55bffeead2e8