Although only one house stands today, the Mann-Simons Site historically was a collection of commercial and domestic spaces owned and operated by the same African-American family from at least 1843 until 1970. The property and its multiple buildings changed considerably over time to better accommodate the needs, tastes, and aspirations of this remarkable family. Former slaves from Charleston, Celia
Mann, a midwife, and Ben Delane, a boatman, became the first generation of family members to live on the property and laid a social and material foundation that allowed successive generations to pursue a variety of businesses and social undertakings. Celia had four daughters, three of whom according to family history moved to Boston and “crossed the color line.” The remaining daughter, Agnes Jackson, stayed in Columbia, inheriting the estate. Married first to Thomas Jackson and later Bill Simons, Agnes had seven children. When she died in 1907, her son, Charles Simons, became head-of-household. Charles owned and worked at a small grocery store on the property until his death in 1933. Simons, ran a small lunch counter on the property from 1891 until 1909. Upon his death, Charles’ wife Amanda inherited the property. Following Amanda’s death in 1960, the estate was transferred to their adopted daughter Bernice Connors. In 1970, through eminent domain, the Columbia Housing Authority acquired the property, which led to a grassroots preservation movement that saved the main house, which opened as a museum in 1978. If you would like to learn more about the site and the archaeological excavations conducted on the property between 2005 and 2007, please visit mannsimons.com.