21/03/2025
"Kotwica," the Fighting Poland symbol, was one anchor that really caught on.
➡ It was selected in a competition held by Polish resistance in German-occupied country. The entries needed to be simple beause the symbol would be painted in the streets patrolled by German Schutzpolizei. A few strokes in a few seconds. The prizes were nothing like in today’s contests – no big money, exotic holiday, toasters or steak knives. All you could win was a handshake and pride.
➡ Still, it was the kind of pride that designers of modern-day famous logos hardly ever feel. Of course part of it was the satisfaction of seeing your design reproduced in thousands of copies all around the city, but most of it was the belief that you chipped in with something important to help in something even more important. You gave popular expression to defiance.
➡ The winning entry conflated two letters: its upper part was P for "Poland, and the lower W for "Walcząca," "Fighting." Together, they resembled an anchor, and that’s how they came to be called. The winner was Anna Smoleńska, Polish Girl Scout and messenger in the Home Army Bureau of Information and Propaganda. Her sign beat 26 other designs.
➡ Some people say that the symbol was a pre-war logo of a publishing house from Poznań, and Smoleńska was only inspired by something she’d already seen. Possible but irrelevant: wherever she got her inspiration, the anchor was officially adopted by the underground, first time appearing in the heart of Warsaw on 20 March 1942. After that, it caught on and spread like fire.
➡ That first sign painted on the wall of a Warsaw confectionery was the handiwork of Polish Scout, member of the Grey Ranks resistance and master of small sabotage Alek Dawidowski – who would soon graduate to the Home Army assault squads, and one year after painting Anchor no. 1 get killed in action in a Warsaw street, attempting to spring a friend out of the Gestapo grasp.
➡ Coming back to Anna Smoleńska: wherever she got her inspiration doesn’t matter for one more reason: in late 1942, the girl and her family were arrested and put in the infamous Pawiak prison. Anna underwent torture but said nothing, and the Gestapo finally sent her to KL Auschwitz, where she perished within weeks. At 23, she became a defiance symbol herself.
➡ So, who cares where a defiance symbol got an idea for a defiance symbol?