26/01/2026
𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗶𝘀 𝗥𝗲𝗽𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗰 𝗔𝗰𝘁 𝗡𝗼. 𝟵𝟵𝟵𝟱??
𝐑𝐞𝐩𝐮𝐛𝐥𝐢𝐜 𝐀𝐜𝐭 𝐍𝐨. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟓: 𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐢-𝐏𝐡𝐨𝐭𝐨 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐕𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐨 𝐕𝐨𝐲𝐞𝐮𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐦 𝐀𝐜𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟗
Is a Law that criminalizes the act of photo and video voyeurism to protect individuals' right to privacy. The law identifies four primary modes of commission:
•𝐔𝐧𝐚𝐮𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐳𝐞𝐝 𝐑𝐞𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠: Capturing images or videos of sexual acts or private areas (ge****ls, p***c area, buttocks, or female breasts) without consent in settings where there is a reasonable expectation of privacy. The crime is consummated upon recording, regardless of whether the footage is viewed.
•𝐔𝐧𝐚𝐮𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐳𝐞𝐝 𝐑𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧: Copying, downloading, or saving such material. This applies even if the offender was not the original recorder and includes private duplication for personal use.
•𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐛𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐚𝐥𝐞: Sharing or selling the prohibited content through any medium, including messaging apps (e.g., Telegram, Messenger) or physical storage devices.
Publication and Broadcast: Making the content available to the public via social media, websites, print, or broadcast media.
𝐊𝐞𝐲 𝐋𝐞𝐠𝐚𝐥 𝐏𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐜𝐢𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐬
•𝐍𝐨𝐧-𝐓𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐬𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐞𝐧𝐭: Consent to be recorded does not constitute consent to have that recording copied, distributed, or published. Any action beyond the initial agreed-upon recording remains a criminal offense.
•𝐆𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐫 𝐍𝐞𝐮𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐲: The law protects all individuals regardless of gender; both victims and offenders can be male or female.
𝐏𝐞𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐕𝐢𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Conviction under RA 9995 carries significant legal consequences:
•𝐈𝐦𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐧𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭: 3 to 7 years
•𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐞: ₱100,000 to ₱500,000.
•𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐛𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐏𝐞𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐲: Both imprisonment and a fine may be imposed at the court's discretion.
CTTO