06/08/2026
Our Team went to a few villages in the tribal areas of the aspirational district of Gumla in Jharkhand. They talked to the villagers at length about soil health. People are aware that soil health is degrading.
They have an appreciation for the fact that good soil will have life within, and the soil lives (earthworms, arthropods, nematodes) are dwindling fast.
Since the land in these areas is undulating and the farmers work mostly around sustenance farming, they still use oxen for ploughing, and that leaves them with a good amount of farmyard manure. Despite the application of FYM, they use small amounts of urea, mostly out of the feeling that it is the last effort that will ensure good production and also out of FOMO.
Even if they get a soil test report, they do not exactly know what clear steps to take to correct the findings. The results are often lengthy and complicated, and the recommendations are normally for one particular crop.
The agricultural extension at the last mile is often negligible. Also, any initiative around soil needs a good nudge and handholding. While grassroots extension workers are capable of reaching the last mile, they lack the comprehension to decode the soil test results and farmer-friendly recommendations. Also, motivating farmers to spend a small amount beyond their routine for some unknown reward is a tough task.
The tribal areas of Jharkhand have good potential to produce FYM and bio resources, as the use of bovine animals in agriculture is still rampant due to undulating terrain, rainfed farming, and capital barriers to mechanisation.
There is no reward for healthier and chemical-free food in the local value chains, but the farmer knows that soils are getting drier, harder, and having less life over the decades.
Having observed the above, there is empathy and a need among farmers to improve their soil. But why and how to break the inertia and get into initiative, and also what is the exact direction to move? And if there is an additional cost involved, who will pay for it?
In a socio-economy, we get what we pay for. We incentivised soil testing, and we have the reports. We did not incentivise soil health, and we do not know where we are moving with soil health!