30/04/2024
𝐖𝐨𝐫𝐥𝐝 𝐏𝐨𝐩𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐚 𝐏𝐨𝐩𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
𝐉𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐮 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐊𝐚𝐬𝐡𝐦𝐢𝐫 𝐏𝐨𝐩𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟒
Jammu and Kashmir is located in Himalayan region in the north of India. Jammu and Kashmir population in 2024 is estimated to be 13.7 Million (1.37 Crores), By Aug 2023 Jammu and Kashmir population is projected to be 1.36 crores (13.6 million) as per Unique Identification Aadhar India, updated 31, Jan 2024. In the financial year 2022-23, J&K's GDP was pegged at $27.6 billion. JK's GDP growth for the year 2023-24 has been projected at Rs $30 billion with a growth of 11 percent over the previous year. On 5 August 2019, the Government of India scrapped the Article 370 from the Constitution of India and integrated with other states and union territories (Article 370 was created on 26 October 1947, signed by Hari Singh, The last Maharaja of Kashmir) and introduced a bill to divide the state into two Union Territories, Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh. Jammu and Kashmir is home to several valleys such as the Kashmir Valley, Tawi Valley, Chenab Valley, Poonch Valley, Sind Valley and Lidder Valley. The Jhelum River is the major Himalayan river which flows through the Kashmir valley. This valley has an average height of 1,850 metres (6,070 ft) above sea-level. Some major tourist attractions in Jammu and Kashmir are Srinagar, Gulmarg, Pahalgam, Patnitop and Jammu. A popular local etymology of Kashmira is that it is land desiccated from water. The word Kashmir was derived from the Sanskrit language and was referred to as Kashmira often referred as valley of waters. The Nilamata Purana describes the valley's origin from the waters, a lake called Sati-saras. As per NFHS 2019-2021 report, Total Fertility Rate of Jammu and Kashmir is 2 children per women compared to 2.4 in 2006.
New Jammu Kashmir Map
The Indian Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir is bounded by China in the north and east, Afghanistan in the north-west and Pakistan in the west and south, Punjab in the west and Himachal Pradesh in the south. Jammu is the winter capital and Srinagar in summer. It is believed Raja Jamboo Lochan founded the city in the BC era and his name "Jamboo" became "Jammu" as the time was passed. Jammu and Kashmir is on 19th rank with more than 14 million(est) for the population rank in India. Agriculture and allied activities are the main occupation of around 80% of its population.
Jammu Kashmir Population
According to Modern History 1844 - 1994, Legend in the Rajatarangini and Nilmat Puran has it that the Valley of Kashmir was once a large lake. Rishi Kashyap drained off the water of the lake and made it a place of abode. The Geologists state that geological changes made way for the outflow of water by subsidence of the mount of Khadinayar, Baramula, Thus emerged the Valley of Kashmir.Jammu has also mentioned in Mahabharata and two recent finds of Harappan remains and artifacts of Mauryan, Kushan and Gupta periods of Akhnoor have added new dimensions to its ancient character.
Time lines of Jammu and Kashmir
Kalhana begins the history of Kashmir with the reign of King Gonanda I (2448 BC) and records the reigns of over 100 kings during the period 2448 BC to 1101 AD.
King Ashoka is said to have founded the old city of Srinagar also used to called as 'Shrinagari'. He built about 500 Buddhist monasteries to Buddhist Sangha. Several scholars from Tibet, China and Central Asia used to visit the valley.
During the rule of Kanishka in First Century AD, a historical buddhist council was held at Shrinagari.
In the early sixth century AD, control of the valley came into hands of the Huns. The Valley regained freedom in 530 AD, but soon came under the rule of the Ujjain empire.
By 724AD to 761 AD, on the decline of Vikramaditya dynasty of Ujjain, the valley had its own rulers. There was a synthesis of Hindu and Buddhist Cultures. Lalitaditya was one of the most important Hindu rules of the Kashmir. He extended his rule unto Bengal in the east, Konkan in the south, Turkistan in the north-west and Tibet in the north-east. Lalitaditya constructed temples and he gave liberal grants to Buddhists.
By 855 AD to 883, King Avantivarman ruled Kashmir, during this period Kashmir became prosperous with the number of improvement schemes of drainage, irrigation and agriculture, He founded city of Avantipur.
During 1128 to 1155 Jaya Simha, The King himself set high standard of conduct and undertook various measures to improve the moral tone of the Kashmir society. He built famous Simhapura Maths.
In 1320, the Hindu Kingdom of Kashmir received its first blow by the invasion of Dulacha, a Mongol warrior and adventurer who hailed from Turkistan.
In 14th Century, Islam came to Kashmir, Zain-ul-Abedin was the most famous of the Muslim rulers who came to Kashmir and continued to rule till 1586 when Akbar conquered Kashmir. In 1589, Kashmir became a province of Mughal empire.
During the reign of Aurangzeb 1658 - 1707, Kashmir saw as many of 14 Governors and huge migration of people, one of his Governors namely Iftikhar Khan(1671 -1675), persecuted Kashmiri Pandits who approached Sikh Guru, Ten Bahadur. Guru Teg Bahadur had to lay down his life to defend the people's right of choice of religion. On the spot, where he was beheaded under the orders of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, stands Gurudwara Sisganj in Delhi.
Kashmir was under Sikh Rulers from 1819 AD to 1846, and Dogra Rulers from 1846 to 1947.
The land is divided into 22 hill principalities. Raja Maldev, one of the Dogra rulers, expanded many territories. Raja Ranjit Dev ruled from 1733 to 1782. He later handed the region to Gulab Singh, an scion of the old Dogra ruling family. The period saw four rulers: Maharaja Gulab Singh (1846 - 1857), Ranbir Singh (1857 - 1885), Pratap Singh ( 1885 - 1925) and Hari Singh (1925 - 1952).
Census year Persons Absolute Percentage Males Females
1901 2,139,362 - - 1,136,766 1,002,596
1911 2,292,535 153,173 7.16 1,222,305 1,070,230
1921 2,424,359 131,824 5.75 1,296,205 1,128,154
1931 2,670,208 245,849 10.14 1,431,801 1,238,407
1941 2,946,728 276,520 10.36 1,577,021 1,369,707
1951 3,253,852 307,124 10.42 1,736,827 1,517,025
1961 3,560,976 307,124 9.44 1,896,633 1,664,343
1971 4,616,632 1,055,656 29.65 2,458,315 2,158,317
1981 5,987,389 1,370,757 29.69 3,164,660 2,822,729
1991 + 7,837,051 1,849,662 30.89 4,142,082 3,694,969
2001 10,143,700 2,306,649 29.43 5,360,926 4,782,774
2011 12,541,302 2,397,602 23.64 6,640,662 5,900,640
Source: A-2 Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
Towns
The popular towns of Jammu and Kashmir are Gulmarg is a hill station town, a popular skiing destination in Baramula district. The Gulmarg population is 2200, Apharwat Peak, Gulmarg Gondola, Gulmarg Wildlife Sanctuary, Maharani Temple, Alpather Frozen Lake, St Mary Church and Baba Reshi Shrine are the popular place of Gulmarg.
Jammu is the the winter capital of state of Jammu and Kashmir in India. Jammu population is 550 thousand and is situated on the banks of the Tawi River. Bahu Fort, Amar Mahal Palace, Raghunath Temple, Mubarak Mandi Palace, Bagh-e-Bahu, Mahamaya Temple, Ranbireshwar Temple, Dogra Art Museum, Purmandal Temple are the popular places of Jammu.
Srinagar is the summer capital and largest city of Jammu and Kashmir. It lies on the banks of the Jhelum River, popular for traditional Kashmiri handicrafts and dried fruits. Popular places of Srinagar are Dal Lake, Chashme Shahi Gardens, Indira Gandhi Tulip Garden, Shalimar Bagh, Shalimar Bagh, Dachigam National Park, Nishat Bagh, Pari Mahal, Shankaracharya Temple, Nigeen Lake, Jamia Masjid, Hari Parbat and Sri Pratap Singh Museum.
Pahalgam is a town in Anantnag district, It is a popular tourist destination and hill station and is associated with the annual Amarnath Yatra, other places are Betaab Valley, Tulian Lake, Mamleshwar Temple and Aru Valley.
Awantipora is a town and a notified area committee in Pulwama district of the Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir. It is situated between Anantnag and Srinagar on National Highway.
Udhampur is a city and district, it is the fourth-largest city in the state,
Bandipora is the town and district, It has the second largest fresh water lake in Asia.
𝐏𝐨𝐩𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐏𝐲𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐝
Jammu and Kashmir population pyramid is a graphical analysis of the age and s*x of a population, pyramid with the wider base suggests growing population, with a narrow base indicates declining birth rates. Jammu and Kashmir population in 2022 is estimated to be 13.59 million, population in 2021 is estimated to be 13.65 million (1.36 Crores) and population in 2023 is estimated to be 13.62 Million.
𝐏𝐨𝐩𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐏𝐲𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐝 𝐨𝐟 𝐉𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐮 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐊𝐚𝐬𝐡𝐦𝐢𝐫 𝐂𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐮𝐬 𝟐𝟎𝟏𝟏
Male
Female
-1000000
0
1000000
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80+
Age Male Female
0-4 763,501 651383
5-9 746,818 665155
10-14 744,855 668998
15-19 640,362 597100
20-24 603,578 557335
25-29 584,559 501563
30-34 495,746 431157
35-39 441,265 396680
40-44 387,739 326346
45-49 311,560 279230
50-54 255,599 212967
55-59 172,753 167278
60-64 173,427 149299
65-69 102,743 101222
70-74 97,472 86547
75-79 43,094 41982
80+ 65,844 61026
Source: 2011 Census: Population In Five Year Age-Group
𝐉𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐮 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐊𝐚𝐬𝐡𝐦𝐢𝐫 𝐏𝐨𝐩𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐛𝐲 𝐑𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐠𝐢𝐨𝐧
Religion is an important feature of a population as all religions have left an imprint on the culture, literature, art, food habits and politics. Jammu and Kashmir Religion wise, Followers of almost all the important religions Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism, Jainism and Christianity with their various denominations live there. According to the 2011 census, Jammu and Kashmir population religion wise, Muslim is followed by about 68.3%, 28.4% follow Hinduism, Sikhism (1.9%), Buddhism (0.9%) and Christianity (0.3%). The largest population religion wise is Muslim population accounts to 8.5 Million, followed by 3.5 Million by Hindus.
𝐑𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐠𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐨𝐧𝐬. 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐞 𝐌𝐚𝐥𝐞𝐬 𝐅𝐞𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐞𝐬
Hindu 3,566,674 28.44 1,987,021 1,579,653
Muslim 8,567,485 68.31 4,428,774 4,138,711
Christian 35,631 0.28 21,523 14,108
Sikh 234,848 1.87 132,897 101,951
Buddhist 112,584 0.90 56,442 56,142
Jain 2,490 0.02 1,310 1,180
Others 1,508 0.01 802 706
Not Stated 20,082 0.16 11,893 8,189
Source: Details of Religion In Main Table C-1- 2011 (India & States/UTs)
Ethnic groups of Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu Kashmir ethnic culture and dress
The major ethnic groups living in Jammu and Kashmir are Kashmiri, Various ethnic groups residing in the Jammu and Kashmir state are, Bodhs, Mons, Bedas, Garras, Purigpas, Brokpas, Baltis, Changpas, Arghuns, Kashmiri Pandits, Kashmiri Muslims, Dogras, Kishtwaris, Mahajans, Khatris, Harijans, Paharis, Gujjars, Bakerwals, Gujjari and Kargali.
𝐓𝐫𝐢𝐛𝐞𝐬 𝐏𝐨𝐩𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐚𝐬 𝐩𝐞𝐫 𝐂𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐮𝐬 𝟐𝟎𝟏𝟏
All Scheduled Tribes 1,493,299
Bakarwal 113,198
Balti 51,918
Beda 420
Bot, Boto 91,495
Brokpa, Drokpa, Dard, Shin 48,439
Changpa 2,661
Gaddi 46,489
Garra 504
Gujjar 980,654
Mon 829
Purigpa 39,101
Sippi 5,966
Generic Tribes etc. 111,625
𝐋𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐮𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐬 𝐬𝐩𝐨𝐤𝐞𝐧 𝐢𝐧 𝐉𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐮 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐊𝐚𝐬𝐡𝐦𝐢𝐫
The Languages are Urdu, Dogri, Kashmiri, Pahari, Ladakhi, Balti, Gojri and Dari.
Languages Persons Percentage Rural Urban
Kashmiri 6,680,837 53.2707 4,541,073 2,139,764
Hindi 2,612,631 20.8322 2,260,826 351,805
Dogri 2,513,712 20.0435 1,860,897 652,815
Punjabi 219,193 1.7478 92,595 126,598
Bhotia 107,451 0.8568 83,559 23,892
Tibetan 100,499 0.8013 84,334 16,165
Khandeshi 34,862 0.2780 32,948 1,914
Shina 32,027 0.2554 30,552 1,475
Marathi 23,006 0.1834 8,183 14,823
Nepali 22,138 0.1765 16,319 5,819
Urdu 19,956 0.1591 8,609 11,347
Bengali 19,830 0.1581 6,984 12,846
Gujarati 19,261 0.1536 9,426 9,835
Tamil 14,728 0.1174 4,532 10,196
Telugu 13,970 0.1114 4,197 9,773
Balti 12,399 0.0989 10,944 1,455
Malayalam 11,248 0.0897 3,732 7,516
Odia 9,553 0.0762 2,641 6,912
Assamese 8,340 0.0665 2,554 5,786
Ladakhi 7,638 0.0609 4,739 2,899
Kannada 6,953 0.0554 2,375 4,578
Lahnda 6,102 0.0487 2,112 3,990
Manipuri 2,370 0.0189 1,154 1,216
Source: 2011 Census: Language and Mother Tongue
Disability
Census 2011 reveals that 121,532 people are suffering with various disability problems, Around 50% disbality are with seeing, speech and hearing problems.
Type of disability Total Persons Cultivators Agriculture labor HHI Other workers
Total disabled population 121,532 37,696 19,171 5,597 59,068
In Seeing 22,281 7,732 3,728 962 9,859
In Hearing 29,855 7,648 3,926 1,101 17,180
In Speech 6,548 2,323 1,224 262 2,739
In Movement 19,323 6,441 3,212 920 8,750
Mental Retardation 3,980 1,382 723 170 1,705
Mental Illness 4,708 1,676 982 257 1,793
Any Other 25,856 7,104 3,645 1,483 13,624
Multiple disability 8,981 3,390 1,731 442 3,418
Source: 2011 Census: Distribution of Disabled(India & States/UTs)
Jammu and Kashmir Population projection
As per the census registered in 1901 there were 2,139,362 people living in Jammu & Kashmir. Upto 1961 the growth rate was recorded between 5 .75 and 10.42 with of 3.5 million population by 1961. The growth rate was rapidly increased to 29.69% from 1961 to 1971 making about 300% rise and maintained around 30% from 1971 till 2001. From 2001 the population started declining with the growth rate of 23.64% reaching the population to 12.5 million till the last census in 2011. Jammu and Kashmir population in 2020 is estimated to be 13.6 million (1.36 Crores). By end of year 2019 the population is projected to be 13,468,313 as per Unique Identification Aadhar India, updated dec 2019. Region wise Kashmir has the highest population, followed by Jammu and Ladakh.
𝐑𝐚𝐧𝐤 𝐨𝐟 𝐡𝐚𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬
Jammu and Kashmir has the Human Develop Index of 0.684 which is greater than India's average of 0.640 and higher being Kerala with 0.784.
𝐈𝐧𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐞 𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐛𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Jammu and Kashmir's economy is dependent on agriculture, tourism and manufacturing activities, 45% of GDP from agriculture is contributed by horticulture sector. Horticulture is one of the key contributing industry sector and products like Apples, pears, almonds, walnuts, apricots and cherries are exported from Jammu and Kashmir to different parts of India by yielding turnover of approximately 850 million dollars(6000 crores) by 2015-16 with the production of 1636 thousand metric ton area of 357 thousand hectares. Wood from Kashmir is used to make cricket bats traded as "Kashmir willow bats".
Saffron cultivation is produced in this region which is exported to many countries, and over 16,000 families are engaged in saffron cultivation. Khrew region is the major share of Saffron production, In a decade from 2007 to 2019, around 2,400 hectares of saffron farms in Khrew shrank to 1,500 hectares, due to old agricultural practice, irrigation problems and mainly due to import of Iranian Saffron.
District wise population in Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir Territory is further divided into 20 districts. District wise population, Jammu is the highest populated district with close to 1.7 Million population (est 2019), followed by Srinagar with 1.2 Million, Anantnag and Baramulla with around 1 Million each. on 5th August Government of India introduced the bill to create Ladakh Region as Union Territory, Leh and Kargil are the two districts with an estimated population of 149,505 and 157,698 as on 2019.
District Population(2020 est.) Population(2011) Percentage
Kupwara 992,204 870,354 6.94
Badgam 859,269 753,745 6.01
Punch 543,592 476,835 3.80
Rajouri 732,353 642,415 5.12
Kathua 702,736 616,435 4.92
Baramula 1,149,164 1,008,039 8.04
Bandipore 447,144 392,232 3.13
Srinagar 1,409,985 1,236,829 9.86
Ganderbal 339,088 297,446 2.37
Pulwama 638,902 560,440 4.47
Shupiyan 303,485 266,215 2.12
Anantnag 1,229,709 1,078,692 8.60
Kulgam 483,911 424,483 3.38
Doda 467,327 409,936 3.27
Ramban 323,433 283,713 2.26
Kishtwar 262,993 230,696 1.84
Udhampur 632,683 554,985 4.43
Reasi 358,720 314,667 2.51
Jammu 1,744,152 1,529,958 12.20
Samba 363,544 318,898 2.54
Source: 2011 Census: Population Data on District/Sub-Dist Level
