08/09/2026
Karl Polanyi, in his 1944 book, The Great Transformation, explained how the failure of governments to ensure that the economy was managed for the benefit of the majority, but instead allowed wealth to concentrate upwards to a small elite, while the rest were exploited and ignored, led directly to the rise of Fascism.
The Great Depression was a consequence of the failure to regulate finance and control inequality, and it caused massive social disruption and mass immiseration. It was preceded by a ‘gilded’ age of conspicuous consumption, extravagance and decadence in which the elite displayed their wealth, and money flowed into more and more extreme bubbles in pursuit of greater and greater gains.
We see the same patterns in 2026.
Most disturbingly, fascism is on the rise again yet our governments seem oblivious to the mistakes of a century ago and determined to repeat them. We hear the same arguments – that controlling government spending is the priority, that reducing regulation is necessary for growth, that finance must be free to move as it wishes, that taxes for the rich must be kept low, and that prosperity will trickle down to the rest from the wealthy, who are the drivers of the economy. All these arguments were used in the 1920s and 30s, and the result was disaster. Bitter experience – two world wars and the greatest depression in modern history – have proven them utterly wrong. Despite this empirical and historical evidence, governments across the Western world continue on the road to destruction.
We have had black uniformed and masked self-styled ‘patriots’ marching. We have the rise of not one but two far right political parties posing as defenders of our culture, wrapping themselves in the national flag, hostile to diversity in all its forms, and hyperbolising fears about ‘out of control’ immigration We have an openly fascist party winning elections in Germany. We have a deranged, despotic and corrupt US President, surrounded by sycophants, grifters, and authoritarian enablers. We have conflicts, trade wars and genocide taking place. There are growing numbers of countries that are either failed states, in permanent turmoil, or subject to oppressive regimes. We have politicians in the supposed leading democracies funded by the wealthiest individuals, preaching racist hatred and blaming economic problems on the poorest and the most desperate.
History is rhyming. History is rapping. History is strutting across the stage, bellowing its verse over and over in our faces and our leaders are pretending that they can’t hear.