04/22/2026
Friday, April 17 — The Freedom to Read
"The Librarian Who Said No: The Alabama Story of Emily Wheelock Reed"
In 1959, a children's book called "The Rabbits' Wedding" by Garth Williams was published by Harper and Brothers. It was a gentle story about two rabbits — one white, one black — who fall in love and get married. It was intended for very young children. The illustrations were soft and sweet. The text was simple.
In Alabama, the book caused a political firestorm.
State legislators and newspaper editors argued that the book promoted racial integration through its depiction of a black rabbit and a white rabbit marrying. It was an argument that required considerable effort to make seriously, but serious efforts were made. Calls came for the book to be removed from Alabama public libraries and placed, at a minimum, behind a restricted access counter where it could not be reached without a specific request.
The Alabama Public Library Service was at that time led by a director named Emily Wheelock Reed. Reed was a professional librarian of considerable standing, trained and experienced, and she had a clear view of what her job required her to do. She declined to restrict the book. She said, plainly and publicly, that her professional responsibility was to the readers of Alabama — all of them — and that she would not allow political pressure to determine what books those readers could access.
The pressure on Reed was sustained and significant. She was called before the Legislature. She faced public criticism and professional intimidation. She did not move.
Reed eventually left Alabama, but the principle she defended did not leave with her. The story of "The Rabbits' Wedding" became one of the early landmark cases in the history of intellectual freedom in American libraries, studied and cited in library schools for decades afterward. It happened here. It was an Alabama librarian who held the line.
She worked for this agency. Her example belongs to all of us.