मानसखण्ड प्राकृतिक कृषि विज्ञान तथा प्रविधि केन्द्र

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मानसखण्ड प्राकृतिक कृषि विज्ञान तथा प्रविधि केन्द्र Natural farming is environment friendly and sustainable. The cost of production is low and it is sustainable production.

Scientists Just Resurrected Extinct Cannabis Enzymes From Millions of Years Ago—And It Could Revolutionize MedicineScien...
26/01/2026

Scientists Just Resurrected Extinct Cannabis Enzymes From Millions of Years Ago—And It Could Revolutionize Medicine

Scientists at Wageningen University in the Netherlands have successfully revived "extinct" enzymes from the ancient ancestors of the cannabis plant. Using a technique called ancestral sequence reconstruction, the team mapped the genetic history of the plant to recreate biological catalysts that existed millions of years before modern cultivation.
Unlike modern cannabis, which utilizes specialized enzymes to produce specific compounds like THC or CBD, these ancient versions were remarkably "promiscuous." They were capable of producing a variety of cannabinoids simultaneously, offering a rare glimpse into how the plant originally evolved its chemical defenses against prehistoric pests and pathogens.
This biological time travel holds significant promise for the future of medicine and biotechnology. One specific resurrected enzyme demonstrated high efficiency in producing CBC, a cannabinoid known for its anti-inflammatory properties that is difficult to source from modern strains.
By reintroducing these ancient genes into contemporary plants or utilizing them in microbial fermentation, researchers believe they can create more robust production methods and lower the costs of therapeutic compounds.
This breakthrough not only clarifies the evolutionary origin of cannabinoids but also provides a new toolkit for engineering the next generation of highly effective, low-cost plant-based medicines.
We're literally reaching back through millions of years of evolution to unlock medical treatments that modern plants can no longer produce efficiently. The past might hold the key to the future of affordable medicine.
Reference: Wageningen University (2025) "Resurrected Ancestral Cannabis Enzymes" - Plant Biotechnology Journal.

🌱 कृषिमा माटोबाट सर्ने रोगहरू (Soil-Borne Diseases)माटोबाट सर्ने रोगहरू भनेका माटोमै बसोबास गर्ने रोगजनक जीवाणुहरू (path...
11/01/2026

🌱 कृषिमा माटोबाट सर्ने रोगहरू (Soil-Borne Diseases)

माटोबाट सर्ने रोगहरू भनेका माटोमै बसोबास गर्ने रोगजनक जीवाणुहरू (pathogens) का कारण बालीमा लाग्ने रोगहरू हुन्। यी रोगजनकहरूले बोटको जर्रा, डाँठ तथा माटोभित्रका भागहरूमा आक्रमण गर्छन्, जसले बालीको वृद्धि कमजोर बनाउँछ, उत्पादन घटाउँछ र कहिलेकाहीँ पूरै बाली नष्ट हुन सक्छ। लामो समयसम्म माटोमा बाँचिरहने भएकाले माटोबाट सर्ने रोगहरू कृषि तथा बगैंचामा नियन्त्रण गर्न सबैभन्दा गाह्रो समस्यामध्ये पर्दछन्।

🔬 माटोबाट सर्ने रोगका मुख्य कारणहरू

माटोबाट सर्ने रोगहरू मुख्यतया निम्न कारणले हुन्छन्:

1️⃣ ढुसी (Fungi)
Fusarium spp. – विल्ट (Wilt)
Rhizoctonia solani – जर्रा कुहिने, ड्याम्पिङ-अफ
Phytophthora spp. – जर्रा तथा क्राउन कुहिने
Pythium spp. – बिरुवा कुहिने (Seedling blight)

2️⃣ ब्याक्टेरिया (Bacteria)
Ralstonia solanacearum – ब्याक्टेरियल विल्ट
Agrobacterium tumefaciens – क्राउन गल

3️⃣ नेमाटोड (Nematodes)
जर्रामा गाँठ बनाउने नेमाटोड (Meloidogyne spp.)
लेसन नेमाटोड (Pratylenchus spp.)

🌾 सामान्य माटोबाट सर्ने रोगहरू

जर्रा कुहिने (Root Rot)
– जर्रा खैरो, नरम र कुहिएको देखिन्छ

विल्ट रोग (Wilt Disease)
– माटोमा पानी हुँदाहुँदै पनि बोट अचानक ओइलिन्छ

ड्याम्पिङ-अफ (Damping-off)
– बिरुवा माटोको सतहमा कुहिएर ढल्छ

क्राउन गल (Crown Gall)
– जर्राको घाँटी नजिक गाठा/ट्युमर जस्तो वृद्धि

क्लब रुट (Club Root)
– जर्रा सुन्निएको र विकृत हुने

🚨 बोटमा देखिने लक्षणहरू

पात पहेंलो हुनु र ओइलिनु
बोटको वृद्धि अवरुद्ध हुनु
जर्राको विकास कमजोर हुनु
फूल र फल कम लाग्नु
गम्भीर अवस्थामा बोट मर्नु

🌍 माटोबाट सर्ने रोगलाई बढावा दिने अवस्था

पानी ननिस्कने माटो र पानी जम्ने अवस्था
एउटै बाली लगातार लगाइरहनु
माटोको pH असन्तुलित हुनु
रासायनिक मलको अत्यधिक प्रयोग
माटोमा जैविक पदार्थको कमी

🛡️ व्यवस्थापन तथा नियन्त्रण उपायहरू

🌿 सांस्कृतिक अभ्यास (Cultural Practices)

गैर-होस्ट बालीसँग बाली चक्र (Crop rotation)
खेतको राम्रो सरसफाइ
राम्रो निस्कास भएको माटो प्रयोग
अत्यधिक सिंचाइ नगर्नु

🌱 जैविक नियन्त्रण (Biological Control)

Trichoderma, Pseudomonas, र Bacillus जस्ता लाभदायक सूक्ष्मजीवको प्रयोग
कम्पोस्ट र जैविक मलको प्रयोग

🧪 रासायनिक नियन्त्रण (Chemical Control)

आवश्यक परेमा मात्र सिफारिस गरिएको फङ्गिसाइडद्वारा माटो उपचार
प्रारम्भिक संक्रमण रोक्न बीउ उपचार

🌾 समन्वित रोग व्यवस्थापन (IDM)

सांस्कृतिक, जैविक र रासायनिक विधिको संयोजन
माटोको स्वास्थ्य सुधार र दिगोपनामा जोड

🌱 स्वस्थ माटोको महत्व

जैविक पदार्थ र लाभदायक सूक्ष्मजीवले भरिपूर्ण स्वस्थ माटोले स्वाभाविक रूपमा माटोबाट सर्ने रोगजनकहरूलाई दबाउँछ। माटोको बनावट सुधार, सन्तुलित पोषण व्यवस्थापन र सूक्ष्मजीव विविधता बढाउनु दीर्घकालीन समाधान हुन्।

🌍 निष्कर्ष

माटोबाट सर्ने रोगहरू बाली उत्पादनका लागि लुकेका तर गम्भीर खतरा हुन्। यी रोगका कारण, लक्षण र व्यवस्थापन उपायहरूको ज्ञान दिगो कृषिका लागि अत्यन्त आवश्यक छ। रोकथामका उपाय अपनाएर र माटोको स्वास्थ्य जोगाएर किसानहरूले यी रोगको असर निकै हदसम्म घटाउन सक्छन् र दीर्घकालीन बाली सफलता सुनिश्चित गर्न सक्छन्।

लोकल केरा
21/10/2025

लोकल केरा

Scientists warn we might be the last generation to see fireflies: Why are they disappearing? Researchers warn that firef...
19/06/2025

Scientists warn we might be the last generation to see fireflies: Why are they disappearing? Researchers warn that firefly populations are declining globally due to habitat loss, light pollution, pesticide use, and climate change.

मह कहिल्यै बिग्रदैन भनेर शास्त्र किन भनेको रहेछ? यसमा हालैको बैज्ञानिक खोज पनि आयो। Honey is one of nature’s sweetest mi...
02/06/2025

मह कहिल्यै बिग्रदैन भनेर शास्त्र किन भनेको रहेछ? यसमा हालैको बैज्ञानिक खोज पनि आयो।

Honey is one of nature’s sweetest miracles — not just because it tastes amazing, but also because it basically never goes bad. Archaeologists have actually found pots of honey in ancient Egyptian tombs that are over 3,000 years old, and believe it or not, that honey was still perfectly edible. So how does honey manage to last forever without spoiling?

The secret lies in honey’s unique chemical makeup. It’s packed with natural sugars, especially fructose and glucose, which create an environment that’s super tough for bacteria and other microbes to survive in. On top of that, honey has very low water content, meaning there’s not enough moisture for bacteria to grow. Microorganisms need water to multiply, and honey just doesn’t provide it.

Honey is also naturally acidic, with a pH around 3.5 to 4.5, which further discourages bacterial growth. Bees add enzymes that produce hydrogen peroxide, a mild antiseptic, which helps keep honey clean and safe. This perfect combination of high sugar, low water, acidity, and natural antimicrobials means honey is naturally self-preserving.

However, honey can change texture or crystallize over time, which is normal and doesn’t mean it’s gone bad. It should be stored in a sealed container to keep out moisture and contaminants.

🪱 The Silent Soil Crisis: 🪱Let's talk about the underground heroes: earthworms! These tiny creatures are crucial for hea...
21/04/2025

🪱 The Silent Soil Crisis: 🪱
Let's talk about the underground heroes: earthworms! These tiny creatures are crucial for healthy soil, but they're facing some big threats.

Why earthworms matter:

- They aerate soil, making it easier for roots to grow and water to pe*****te.
- They help process tons of soil every year, making it nutrient-rich.

But what's harming them?

- Heavy machinery and foot traffic can crush their tunnels and soil structure.
- Removing leaves can starve them and expose soil to harsh weather.
- Chemicals can kill them and disrupt the ecosystem.

So, what can we do?

- Leave the leaves and let them mulch naturally.
- Create a compost zone to feed the soil.
- Be gentle with the soil and avoid compacting it.
- Use organic methods to nourish the soil.

Let's work together to protect these underground heroes and keep our soil healthy!"
Earthworms can live up to 8 years in a healthy environment — or die within weeks in a compacted one.
They've been enriching earth for over 300 million years, let's not undo their work!

Identification of plant pests and diseasesHere we explain the most common problems that can affect your plants, learn to...
30/01/2025

Identification of plant pests and diseases
Here we explain the most common problems that can affect your plants, learn to identify them and act in time!

Aphids: Insects that suck the sap, deforming the leaves. Be careful with its rapid reproduction!

Whitefly: Causes yellowing of the leaves and the appearance of fungi due to the honeydew it secretes.

Botrytis: Gray fungus that attacks leaves and fruits, especially in cold and humid environments.

Red Spider Mite: These small mites cause spots and weakening of leaves. They prefer warm and dry environments.

Fungi: They appear in conditions of high humidity, generating black spots on the leaves.

Mildew/Oidium: Fungal diseases that produce a white powdery layer on the leaves, affecting photosynthesis.

Mealybug: Sucking insects that secrete a waxy substance, weakening the leaves.

Rust: Fungus that leaves rust-colored spots on the leaves, weakening the plant. Act fast!

Poor irrigation: Too much or too little water can cause yellow leaves and wilting.

Boring animalsEarthworms are indeed example of "boring animals" that play a crucial role in ecosystems. Here are some of...
06/08/2024

Boring animals

Earthworms are indeed example of "boring animals" that play a crucial role in ecosystems. Here are some of their economic importance:

Benefits:

1. Soil aeration: Earthworms burrow, creating tunnels that improve soil aeration, water infiltration, and root growth.

2. Nutrient cycling: Earthworms break down organic matter, recycling nutrients, and making them available to plants.

3. Soil structure: Earthworms improve soil structure, increasing its water-holding capacity and fertility.

4. Ecosystem engineering: Earthworms modify their environment, creating habitat for other organisms.

5. Biodiversity: Earthworms contribute to biodiversity by supporting complex food webs.

6. Agriculture: Earthworms are used in vermicomposting, producing nutrient-rich compost for agriculture.

7. Ecological indicators: Earthworms serve as indicators of soil health and ecosystem quality.

Costs:

1. Soil erosion: Earthworms can contribute to soil erosion by burrowing, making soil more susceptible to water and wind erosion.

2. Crop damage: In rare cases, earthworms can damage crops, such as alfalfa or clover, by burrowing into roots.

Overall, earthworms have significant economic benefits, and their importance in ecosystems cannot be overstated. They are a valuable component of soil ecosystems, and their activities support agricultural productivity and ecosystem health.

Do you know what Mycelium is?Mycelium, or mycorrysis, is a fungus that expands underground, creating a network of connec...
06/08/2024

Do you know what Mycelium is?
Mycelium, or mycorrysis, is a fungus that expands underground, creating a network of connections between all plant species, something like the Internet, which allows them not only to communicate, but also to take care of themselves, protect themselves, and feed themselves. Stock up on the water
When a tree in the forest is cut down, this mycelium communicates to many trees in the forest that one of them is dying and all the other trees through the mycelium begin to care for the remaining trunk to try to save that life. They feed it with water and protect it because that dying trunk is part of the forest family.
Everything has a language. It is the universal language.
We learn to reconnect with this non-verbal language, understanding that we are all part of the same thing.
We still have a lot to learn from our older brothers, from the trees and the forest and above all from Our Mother Earth.

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