Tutor Bright Olusegun

30/08/2024

11/08/2024

Subject: Commerce
Class: SS3
First Term

Topic: Definition of Business terms

Here are the concepts:

*Privatization*:

- The transfer of ownership or control of a public asset or enterprise from the government to a private entity.
- Involves the sale of state-owned assets, such as companies, land, or infrastructure, to private investors.
- Aims to:
- Increase efficiency and productivity
- Reduce government debt and financial burdens
- Encourage competition and innovation
- Generate revenue for the government

*Commercialization*:

- The introduction of business principles and practices into a public enterprise or service.
- Involves making a public entity operate like a private business, with a focus on:
- Cost recovery and profit generation
- Efficiency and productivity improvements
- Customer satisfaction and market responsiveness
- Financial sustainability
- Can be a precursor to privatization or a way to improve public services without transferring ownership.

*Nationalization*:

- The transfer of ownership or control of a private asset or enterprise from private hands to the government.
- Involves the state taking control of a company, industry, or sector, often to:
- Protect strategic interests or national security
- Regulate markets and prices
- Provide essential public services
- Address market failures or social welfare concerns
- Can be done through various means, such as expropriation, acquisition, or government takeover.

11/08/2024

Subject: Biology

Class: SS1

First Term

Topic: Characteristics of Living Things
Using the mnemonics "MR NIGER CAD"

Movement: All living organisms have internal movement, i.e; they have the ability to move substances from one part of their body to another. Some living organisms show external movement as well, i.e; they can move from one place to another by walking, flying or swimming.

Respiration: All living things exchange gases with their environment. They breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.

Nutrition/Feeding: This is the ability of living organisms to feed and it enables them to carry out life processes such as growth, reproduction, etc.

Irritability/Sensitivity: This is the ability of organisms to respond to stimuli such as; heat, light, pain, sound and chemical substances.

Growth: Growth is the permanent increase in the size of an organism. When living things feed, they gain energy and some of this energy is used in growth.

Excretion: This is the removal of poisonous metabolic waste products from the body or cells of living organisms.

Reproduction: This is the ability of a living thing to give birth to young ones or offsprings.

Competition: This is when organisms compete for the resources they need to survive - air, food, water and space.

Adaptation: This is the way living organisms get used to their various environments in a way that they can be comfortable in order to survive.

Death/Life Span: All living organisms must die because they have a definite and limited period of existence.

11/08/2024

Subject: Biology

Class: SS1
First Term

Topic: Introduction to Biology

Introduction
The term "Biology" is coined from two Greek words; "bios" meaning "life" and "logos" meaning "study". Therefore, Biology is simply the study of life. That is, the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments.

A living thing is any organism or a living form that possesses or show the characteristics of life. Thus, they have an organized structure made up of a cell or cells, which requires energy to survive, the ability to reproduce, grow, metabolize, respond to stimuli, move, respire and adapt to the environment. Examples of living things include; bacteria, protozoa, plants, fungi, animals, humans, etc.

Viruses are not absolutely living or non-living. When outside their host, viruses are inactive and seemingly inanimate. When inside their host, they become active and alive; capable of utilizing the host cell’s structures and replicate.

A non-living thing is one that lacks or has stopped displaying the characteristics of life. Thus, they lack or no longer display the capability for growth, reproduction, respiration, metabolism, and movement. They are not capable of responding to stimuli and adapting to their environment. Examples of non-living things are books, rock, sun, water, etc.

09/08/2024